Animated Solution for Mathematics - Three Dimensional Geometry: If the mirror image of the point P(3,4,9) in the line 3x−1=2y+1=1z−2 is (α,β,γ), then 14(α+β+γ) is :
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Visualized Solution
Visualizing the Geometry
Given point P(3,4,9)
Line L:3x−1=2y+1=1z−2
Goal: Find mirror image Q(α,β,γ)
General Point on the Line
Let 3x−1=2y+1=1z−2=λ
General point N on the line is:
N(3λ+1,2λ−1,λ+2)
Vector PN
Vector PN=N−P
PN=(3λ+1−3,2λ−1−4,λ+2−9)
PN=(3λ−2,2λ−5,λ−7)
The Perpendicularity Condition
Direction vector of line b=(3,2,1)
Since PN⊥L, PN⋅b=0
3(3λ−2)+2(2λ−5)+1(λ−7)=0
Solving for λ
Expand: 9λ−6+4λ−10+λ−7=0
Combine terms: 14λ−23=0
λ=1423
Coordinates of Foot N
Substitute λ=1423 into N
xN=3(1423)+1=1483
yN=2(1423)−1=1432
zN=1423+2=1451
Midpoint Logic for Mirror Image
N is the exact midpoint of P and Q
2α+3=1483
2β+4=1432
2γ+9=1451
Calculating α and β
α=2(1483)−3=783−721=762
β=2(1432)−4=732−728=74
Calculating γ
γ=2(1451)−9=751−763=−712
So, Q=(762,74,−712)
Final Evaluation
We need 14(α+β+γ)
Sum =762+74−712=754
14×754=2×54=108
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The Sigma Insight: Equation of a Line in Space
Solution Diagram
Analyzing the Setup
We are tasked with finding the mirror image of a point P(3,4,9) across a line L defined by the equation:
3x−1=2y+1=1z−2
Imagine a 3D space where point P is reflected across line L to reach point Q(α,β,γ). The line L acts as the axis of symmetry for this reflection.
The Foot of the Perpendicular
To find the reflection, we first determine the "foot of the perpendicular," denoted as point N, which lies on the line L and is closest to P. We parameterize the line by setting the equation equal to λ:
N=(3λ+1,2λ−1,λ+2)
The direction vector of the line is b=(3,2,1). For N to be the foot of the perpendicular, the vector PN must be orthogonal to b.
Calculating PN=N−P, we obtain:
PN=(3λ−2,2λ−5,λ−7)
The condition for perpendicularity is the dot product PN⋅b=0:
3(3λ−2)+2(2λ−5)+1(λ−7)=0
Expanding this expression yields:
9λ−6+4λ−10+λ−7=0⇒14λ−23=0
Thus, we find the parameter value:
λ=1423
The Symmetry of Reflection
Substituting λ=1423 back into the expression for N, we find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular: