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JEE Main 2020
LEVELJEE Main

Animated Solution for Chemistry - Basic Concepts in Chemistry: While titrating dilute solution with aqueous , which of the following will not be required?

Select Answer:

Visualized Solution

  • Titration of dilute with aqueous .

  • Burette: Used to deliver and measure the volume of accurately.

  • Pipette: Used to measure an exact volume of .
  • Measuring Cylinder: Not accurate enough, hence not required.

  • Phenolphthalein: Indicator to detect the endpoint.
  • Porcelain Tile: Provides a white background to observe the color change clearly.

  • Bunsen Burner: Not required. The neutralization reaction occurs spontaneously at room temperature.

  • Required: Pipette, Burette, Porcelain tile, Clamp, Phenolphthalein, Distilled water.
  • Not Required: Bunsen burner, Measuring cylinder.

The Sigma Insight: Stoichiometric and Volumetric Calculations

Solution Diagram
The chemistry laboratory is a place of precision. When we perform a quantitative analysis like an acid-base titration, choosing the right apparatus is just as important as the chemical reaction itself. Let's dive into the setup for titrating a dilute hydrochloric acid () solution with aqueous sodium hydroxide ().

The Titrant and the Burette In any titration, the solution with the known concentration (the titrant) is added slowly to the analyte

Here, our titrant is aqueous . To add this precisely, we use a burette. A burette is a long, graduated glass tube with a stopcock at the bottom, allowing us to control the flow of the liquid drop by drop. Naturally, to hold this tall piece of glassware securely, we need a stand and a clamp.

Measuring the Analyte

Precision is Key Next, we need to place a specific, known volume of our analyte, the dilute , into a conical flask. How do we measure this volume? You might be tempted to reach for a measuring cylinder. However, a measuring cylinder is relatively wide, meaning a small error in reading the meniscus translates to a significant error in volume.
Instead, we use a pipette. A volumetric pipette is calibrated to deliver a single, exact volume of liquid with extremely high precision. Therefore, a measuring cylinder is not required and is actually discouraged for this step.

Spotting the Endpoint To know when the reaction is complete, we add an indicator

For a strong acid-strong base titration, phenolphthalein is an excellent choice. It remains colorless in the acidic solution and turns a faint pink the moment excess is added.
To ensure we don't miss this subtle color change, we place a white porcelain tile underneath the conical flask. The stark white background provides the perfect contrast to spot the faintest hint of pink. And of course, distilled water is essential throughout the process for rinsing our glassware to prevent contamination.

The Thermodynamics of Neutralization

Finally, what about temperature? Do we need to heat the mixture using a Bunsen burner? The neutralization reaction between a strong acid and a strong base is given by:
This reaction is highly exothermic () and occurs instantaneously at room temperature. There is absolutely no kinetic barrier that requires external heating. In fact, heating might cause the evaporation of water or the decomposition of the indicator. Thus, a Bunsen burner is completely unnecessary.

Conclusion By carefully analyzing the requirements of the experiment, we can confidently conclude that the Bunsen burner and measuring cylinder are the odd ones out

They are not required for this classic titration setup.

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