Sigma Percentile
JEE Main 2020 (9 January Shift 2)
LEVELJEE Main

Animated Solution for Mathematics - Complex Numbers: If be a complex number satisfying , then cannot be:

Select Answer:

Visualized Solution

Defining the Complex Number

  • Let the complex number be .
  • The given condition is .
  • Substituting the real and imaginary parts, we get .

Visualizing the Locus

  • The equation represents a geometric locus.
  • In the Cartesian plane, this forms a square (or rhombus).
  • It is symmetric about both the x-axis and y-axis.

Vertices of the Square

  • The vertices lie on the coordinate axes.
  • Setting , we get .
  • Setting , we get .
  • In complex form, the vertices are .

Geometric Meaning of

  • The modulus represents the distance of the point from the origin .
  • Since lies on the square, is the distance from the origin to any point on the perimeter.
  • We need to find the minimum and maximum possible values of this distance.

Finding Maximum Distance

  • The maximum distance from the origin to the square occurs at its vertices.
  • Distance to a vertex, say , is .
  • Therefore, .
  • In radical form, .

Finding Minimum Distance

  • The minimum distance occurs along the perpendicular dropped from the origin to any side.
  • Let's consider the side in the first quadrant.
  • The equation of this line is , or .

Calculating

  • The perpendicular distance from to is .
  • From to :
  • .
  • Simplifying, .
  • Thus, .

Range of

  • We found and .
  • Since can be any point on the square, takes all values between the minimum and maximum.
  • Therefore, the range of is .

Evaluating the Options

  • The valid range for is .
  • Let's check the given options:
  • Option A:
  • Option B:
  • Option C:
  • Option D:

Conclusion

  • , , and all fall within the range .
  • is strictly less than .
  • Therefore, lies outside the possible range.
  • Final Answer: cannot be .

The Sigma Insight: Geometrical Applications of Complex Numbers

Solution Diagram

Analyzing the Geometric Setup

The given condition is . By representing as , the condition transforms into the equation:
This equation does not represent a circle, but rather a square rotated by . In the first quadrant, where , the equation simplifies to .
Due to the symmetry across all four quadrants, this shape forms a perfect square with vertices at , , , and .

Determining the Range of

The modulus represents the distance of a point from the origin . To find the range of , we identify the minimum and maximum distances from the origin to the boundary of the square.
The maximum distance occurs at the vertices of the square. The distance from the origin to any vertex (e.g., ) is:
The minimum distance occurs at the midpoints of the sides of the square. Using the perpendicular distance formula from the origin to the line :
Thus, the modulus must lie within the closed interval:

Evaluating the Result

The range defines the set of all possible distances from the origin to any point on the square. Any value of falling outside this interval is impossible.
Comparing the values: 1. 2.
Since , the value lies strictly inside the square, meaning it does not satisfy the condition . Therefore, is not a possible value for .

Conclusion

This problem demonstrates the power of geometric intuition in the Argand plane. By visualizing the algebraic condition as a geometric locus, we avoid tedious calculations and identify the "intruder" value immediately.
Always remember these fundamental geometric interpretations for JEE Advanced: represents a square. represents a circle centered at the origin. represents a circle* centered at .

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