Sigma Percentile
JEE Main 2020 - 9 Jan (Evening)
LEVELJEE Main

Animated Solution for Mathematics - Complex Numbers: If be a complex number satisfying , then cannot be:

Select Answer:

Visualized Solution

Condition for

  • Let be the complex number.
  • Given condition:
  • This simplifies to:

Locus of

  • The equation represents a square in the Argand plane.
  • Vertices of the square are: .
  • Any complex number satisfying the condition must lie on the perimeter of this square.

Geometric Meaning of

  • represents the distance of point from the origin .
  • The possible values of range from the minimum distance to the maximum distance from the origin to the square's perimeter.

Maximum Distance

  • Maximum value of occurs at the vertices: .

Minimum Distance Concept

  • Minimum value of occurs at the midpoints of the sides.
  • This is the perpendicular distance from the origin to any side of the square.

Calculating Min

  • Equation of the side in the first quadrant is .
  • Perpendicular distance

Range of

  • The range of possible values for is .
  • Any value outside this interval is an impossible value for .

Checking Options A and B

  • Option (A): . Since , then . (Valid)
  • Option (B): . This is exactly the minimum value. (Valid)

The Impossible Value

  • Option (C): . Since , then .
  • This value is strictly less than the minimum possible distance.
  • Therefore, cannot be .

The Sigma Insight: Geometrical Applications of Complex Numbers

Solution Diagram

Analyzing the Setup

We are given the condition . By representing the complex number as , the condition transforms into the Cartesian equation:
This equation describes a geometric shape in the Argand plane. Rather than a circle, this locus represents a square.
By analyzing the equation across the four quadrants, we identify the boundary lines: First quadrant (): Second quadrant (): Third quadrant (): Fourth quadrant ():
The resulting figure is a square with vertices at , , , and .

The Quest for the Modulus

The term represents the Euclidean distance from the origin to the point on the perimeter of the square. As traverses the boundary of the square, this distance varies continuously.
Our objective is to determine the range of this distance, specifically identifying the minimum and maximum values of .

Finding the Extremes

The maximum distance occurs at the points furthest from the origin, which are the vertices of the square. Calculating the distance for any vertex, such as :
The minimum distance occurs at the points closest to the origin. Geometrically, this is the perpendicular distance from the origin to any of the four sides of the square.
Using the perpendicular distance formula for the line :

The Final Verdict

We have established that the modulus is constrained to the interval .
Any value of must satisfy the inequality:
Consequently, values such as are valid, as they fall within this range. However, a value like is strictly less than and therefore lies in the "forbidden zone" inside the square.
The range of is .

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