Sigma Percentile
JEE Main 2021 (17 March Shift 1)
LEVELJEE Advanced

Animated Solution for Mathematics - Differentiation: If and its first derivative with respect to is when , where and are integers, then the minimum value of is

Enter Numerical Value:

Visualized Solution

Analyze the Function

  • Given function:
  • Identify the inner term:
  • Goal: Simplify using trigonometric substitution.

Trigonometric Substitution

  • Let
  • Since ,
  • The fraction becomes:

The Angle

  • Mark the angle in the right triangle.
  • The hypotenuse becomes .
  • This confirms .

Simplifying the Inner Expression

  • Substitute the identity:
  • Function becomes:

Resolving Inverse Trig

  • Since ,
  • This is the principal range of .
  • Result:

Convert Back to

  • Use identity:
  • Substitute

Simplified Function

  • Simplified form:

Prepare for Differentiation

  • Apply Quotient Rule:
  • Let and
  • Recall:

Execute Differentiation

Evaluate at

  • Substitute directly into the derivative.

Simplify Terms

  • Simplify terms:

Final Derivative Value

Compare and Extract and

  • Compare with :
  • ,
  • Both are integers.

Calculate

  • Calculate :
  • Final Result:

The Sigma Insight: Techniques of Differentiation

Solution Diagram

The Mask of Complexity

Welcome, fellow traveler of the mathematical landscape. Today, we stand before a function that, at first glance, seems designed to intimidate.
We see the function:
It is a nesting doll of operations—a sine, an inverse cosine, and an exponential fraction. It is easy to feel overwhelmed, but I want you to take a deep breath. In the world of JEE Advanced, complexity is often just a mask. Our job is to peel it away, layer by layer, to reveal the simple, elegant truth underneath.

The Power of Substitution

Look closely at the inner term: . Does it stir a memory? It should.
It bears a striking resemblance to the trigonometric identity:
This is our golden key. By setting , we are not just simplifying; we are translating the problem from the language of algebra into the language of geometry.
Since is always positive, our angle is safely tucked away in the interval . This geometric model is robust, and it ensures that our subsequent steps are mathematically sound.

The Simplification

With our substitution , the expression transforms into . Now, our function becomes:
Here is where the magic happens. Because , we know that .
This is the principal range of the inverse cosine function! The inverse cosine and cosine neutralize each other, leaving us with the beautifully simple . The mountain of complexity has vanished, leaving us with a clear path forward.

The Calculus Dance

We are not done yet. We must return to the world of . Using the identity and substituting back , we get:
Now, we apply the quotient rule. I know the quotient rule can be tedious, but treat it like a dance—step by step, rhythmically.
We differentiate the numerator and denominator, keeping that crucial factor in mind for the exponential terms. When we evaluate the derivative at , we find:

The Final Victory

We compare our result with the given form . It is clear that and .
The final task is to calculate , which is:
We have arrived at the destination. This problem was never about brute force; it was about recognizing patterns, respecting domains, and trusting the elegance of mathematics. You have conquered the complexity, and the final answer is 481.

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