Analyzing the Logical Expression
We are tasked with simplifying the logical expression:
(∼(p⇔∼q))∧q
First, we address the inner expression ∼(p⇔∼q). We utilize the identity for the negation of a biconditional, which states that ∼(p⇔r) is equivalent to p⇔∼r.
Applying this identity, the term becomes
p⇔∼(∼q). Since double negation is equivalent to affirmation, this simplifies to:
p⇔q
Simplifying the Master Equation
Substituting this back into our original expression, we obtain:
(p⇔q)∧q
We expand the biconditional into its constituent implications:
(p⇒q)∧(q⇒p)∧q
Using the
Associative Law, we regroup the terms to isolate the
q variables:
(p⇒q)∧((q⇒p)∧q)
Applying Logical Identities
Focusing on the inner bracket
(q⇒p)∧q, we apply the implication identity
q⇒p≡∼q∨p:
(∼q∨p)∧q
Distributing
q across the disjunction, we get:
(∼q∧q)∨(p∧q)
Since
∼q∧q is a contradiction (False), the expression simplifies to
F∨(p∧q), which is simply:
p∧q
Final Verification
Our full expression is now (p⇒q)∧(p∧q). If p∧q is true, then both p and q are true, which makes p⇒q true as well. Thus, the intersection is simply p∧q.
To verify the result against the provided options, we test the expression
(p⇒q)∧p:
(∼p∨q)∧p≡(∼p∧p)∨(q∧p)
This simplifies to F∨(q∧p), which is p∧q. Therefore, the expression is equivalent to (p⇒q)∧p.