Match List-I with List-II.

List-I
A. Benzene diazonium chloride + Cu2Cl2 - Chlorobenzene + N2
B. B

Q: Why do Sandmeyer and Gattermann reactions give the same product?

Both reactions aim to replace the diazonium group with a halogen. The difference lies only in the catalyst: Sandmeyer uses cuprous salts ($\text{Cu}_2\text{X}_2$), which is generally more efficient, while Gattermann uses copper powder and $\text{HX}$.

Q: What happens if we mix an alkyl halide and an aryl halide with sodium?

That would be the Wurtz-Fittig reaction! It couples an aliphatic chain to an aromatic ring, producing an alkylbenzene.

Q: Why is dry ether used in Wurtz and Fittig reactions?

Sodium metal is highly reactive with moisture. Dry ether provides an aprotic, non-polar environment that prevents sodium from reacting with water and stabilizes the radical intermediates.

Q: Can we prepare fluorobenzene using Sandmeyer reaction?

No, fluorobenzene is prepared using the Schiemann reaction (or Balz-Schiemann reaction) by treating the diazonium salt with fluoroboric acid ($\text{HBF}_4$) and heating.

Q: Is the yield of Gattermann reaction better than Sandmeyer?

Actually, the Sandmeyer reaction typically provides a better yield than the Gattermann reaction because the cuprous ion is a more effective electron transfer agent.

Question

Match List-I with List-II.

**List-I**
A. (See image A)
B. (See image B)
C. $2	ext{CH}_3	ext{CH}_2	ext{Cl} + 2	ext{Na} \xrightarrow{	ext{Ether}} 	ext{C}_2	ext{H}_5-	ext{C}_2	ext{H}_5 + 2	ext{NaCl}$
D. $2	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_5	ext{Cl} + 2	ext{Na} \xrightarrow{	ext{Ether}} 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_5-	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_5 + 2	ext{NaCl}$

**List-II**
(i) Wurtz reaction
(ii) Sandmeyer reaction
(iii) Fittig reaction
(iv) Gattermann reaction

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Options:

(A) A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)

(B) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)

(C) A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)

(D) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)

Sigma Percentile · Accepted Answer

### The Power of Name Reactions

Welcome to a classic match-the-following problem! This question tests your memory and understanding of some of the most fundamental name reactions in organic chemistry, specifically focusing on haloalkanes and haloarenes. Name reactions are the pillars of organic synthesis, and recognizing them instantly is a superpower in competitive exams.

Let's decode these reactions one by one and find their perfect matches.

### Decoding the Diazonium Salts

Look closely at the first reaction (A). We start with **benzene diazonium chloride** ($	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_5	ext{N}_2^+	ext{Cl}^-$), a highly versatile intermediate. It reacts with cuprous chloride ($	ext{Cu}_2	ext{Cl}_2$). This specific reagent facilitates a radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution, replacing the diazonium group with a chlorine atom and releasing nitrogen gas. This elegant transformation is universally known as the **Sandmeyer reaction**.

Now, what if we tweak the catalyst? In reaction (B), the reactant and product are exactly the same, but instead of cuprous chloride, we use **copper powder with HCl**. This modification, which achieves the same result but uses a different catalytic system, is known as the **Gattermann reaction**.

Therefore, we can confidently match:
- **A $ightarrow$ (ii) Sandmeyer reaction**
- **B $ightarrow$ (iv) Gattermann reaction**

### The Coupling Brothers: Wurtz and Fittig

Moving on to reaction (C), we see two moles of an aliphatic alkyl halide, ethyl chloride ($	ext{CH}_3	ext{CH}_2	ext{Cl}$), reacting with sodium metal in the presence of dry ether. The sodium strips away the halogens, allowing the two alkyl radicals to couple together, forming a higher alkane—in this case, butane. This classic method for synthesizing symmetrical alkanes is the **Wurtz reaction**.

Finally, let's examine reaction (D). It looks strikingly similar to the Wurtz reaction, doesn't it? However, instead of aliphatic halides, we are dealing with two moles of an aryl halide, chlorobenzene ($	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_5	ext{Cl}$). When two aromatic rings couple together under these exact conditions (Na/dry ether) to form biphenyl, the process is called the **Fittig reaction**.

This gives us our final matches:
- **C $ightarrow$ (i) Wurtz reaction**
- **D $ightarrow$ (iii) Fittig reaction**

### The Final Verdict

Let's compile our findings into a single sequence:
**A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)**

Scanning through the given options, we see that option (c) perfectly aligns with our derived sequence. Mastering these name reactions not only secures quick marks but also builds a strong foundation for complex multi-step synthesis problems.

Select Answer:

Visualized Solution

\text{Name Reactions}

\text{Sandmeyer Reaction}

\text{Gattermann Reaction}

\text{Wurtz Reaction}

\text{Fittig Reaction}

\text{Final Matching}

The Sigma Insight: Haloalkanes & Haloarenes

The Power of Name Reactions

Decoding the Diazonium Salts

The Coupling Brothers

The Final Verdict

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List-I

List-II

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