Sigma Percentile
JEE Advanced 1999
LEVELJEE Main

Animated Solution for Mathematics - Conic Sections: If is the chord of contact of the hyperbola , then the equation of the corresponding pair of tangents is

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Visualized Solution

Visualizing the Hyperbola and Chord

  • Hyperbola equation:
  • Given Chord of Contact (CoC):
  • The CoC connects the points of tangency from an external point.

Finding Intersection Points

  • To find the points of contact, we intersect the chord with the hyperbola.
  • Substitute into .

Substituting

Solving for

  • Rearranging the terms:

Finding the -coordinates

  • Taking the square root on both sides:
  • Points of contact: and

Equation of a Tangent

  • The equation of a tangent to at is:
  • Here, .

Tangent at Point

  • Substitute into the tangent formula:

Simplifying the First Tangent

  • Divide the entire equation by :

Tangent at Point

  • Substitute into the tangent formula:

Simplifying the Second Tangent

  • Divide the entire equation by :

Combined Equation of Tangents

  • To find the pair of tangents, we multiply their individual equations.
  • Grouping terms:

Applying Algebraic Identity

  • Notice the structure
  • Let and

Expanding the Terms

  • Expand :
  • Expand :
  • Substitute back:

Final Equation of Pair of Tangents

  • Rearranging the terms gives the final combined equation:
  • Alternative: Find external point using , then use .

The Sigma Insight: Equation of Tangent and Normal

Solution Diagram

Analyzing the Setup

The hyperbola is defined by the equation . We are given a chord of contact, represented by the line , which connects the two points where tangents from an external point touch the hyperbola.
Our objective is to determine the combined equation of these two tangents.

The Hunt for the Points of Contact

To identify the points of contact, we find the intersection of the chord and the hyperbola . Substituting into the hyperbola equation yields:
Solving for , we find . Thus, the two points of contact are and .

Constructing the Tangents

For a hyperbola of the form , the equation of the tangent at a point is given by . Here, .
For point , the tangent equation is:
Dividing by , we obtain the simplified form:
For point , the tangent equation is:
Dividing by , we obtain:

The Algebraic Synthesis

To find the combined equation of the two tangents, we multiply the individual equations:
We can group the terms to utilize the difference of squares identity, , where and :
Expanding the terms, we get:
Rearranging into the final standard form, the combined equation of the tangents is:

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