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Animated Solution for Physics - Current Electricity: A resistance is shown in the figure. Its value and tolerance are given respectively by

Select Answer:

Visualized Solution

Visual Anchor

  • Carbon Resistor Color Code: 4-band system.

The Master Formula

  • : Significant figures
  • : Decimal multiplier
  • : Tolerance

Decoding the Colors

  • Red
  • Violet
  • Orange
  • Silver

Raw Setup

Final Answer

  • Option (c) is correct.

The Way Forward

  • What if there was no fourth band?
  • Tolerance
  • Gold

The Sigma Insight: Ohm's Law, Resistance and Electrical Power

Solution Diagram

The Anatomy of a Carbon Resistor

Look closely at the carbon resistor. We have a small cylindrical component with four distinct colored bands painted on it. These bands aren't just for decoration—they are a universal language used by engineers and physicists to communicate the exact resistance value and its manufacturing tolerance. Because resistors are often too small to print numbers on, this color-coding system is an elegant and practical solution.

The Master Formula

To decode this visual language, we use a simple but powerful formula:
Here is how it works: The first two bands, A and B, give us the first two significant digits of the resistance. The third band, C, acts as the decimal multiplier, meaning we multiply the significant digits by . Finally, the fourth band, D, tells us the tolerance percentage, which indicates how much the actual resistance might vary from the stated value due to manufacturing variations.

Decoding the Bands

Now, let's identify the colors from our specific figure and map them to their numerical values using the standard color code chart.
The first band is Red, which corresponds to the number .
The second band is Violet, which corresponds to the number .
The third band is Orange, which means our multiplier is .
Finally, the fourth band is Silver, which indicates a tolerance of .

Final Calculation

Let's carefully substitute these values into our master formula. We place the first two digits side-by-side (do not add them!) to get .
Since is exactly equal to , we can elegantly rewrite our final answer as:
This perfectly matches option (c). It's a straightforward and highly scoring concept for JEE, provided you remember the color sequence accurately!

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